纠删码存储池¶

用途¶

Erasure-coded pools require less storage space compared to replicated pools. The erasure-coding support has higher computational requirements and only supports a subset of the operations allowed on an object (for instance, partial write is not supported).

使用情形¶

冷存储¶

An erasure-coded pool is created to store a large number of 1GB objects (imaging, genomics, etc.) and 10% of them are read per month. New objects are added every day and the objects are not modified after being written. On average there is one write for 10,000 reads.

A replicated pool is created and set as a cache tier for the erasure coded pool. An agent demotes objects (i.e. moves them from the replicated pool to the erasure-coded pool) if they have not been accessed in a week.

The erasure-coded pool CRUSH rule targets hardware designed for cold storage with high latency and slow access time. The replicated pool CRUSH rule targets faster hardware to provide better response times.

廉价的多数据中心存储¶

Ten datacenters are connected with dedicated network links. Each datacenter contains the same amount of storage with no power-supply backup and no air-cooling system.

An erasure-coded pool is created with a CRUSH rule that will ensure no data loss if at most three datacenters fail simultaneously. The overhead is 50% with erasure code configured to split data in six (k=6) and create three coding chunks (m=3). With replication the overhead would be 400% (four replicas).

Interface¶

Set up an erasure-coded pool:

$ ceph osd pool create ecpool erasure

Set up an erasure-coded pool and the associated CRUSH rule ecrule:

$ ceph osd crush rule create-erasure ecrule
$ ceph osd pool create ecpool erasure default ecrule

Set the CRUSH failure domain to osd (instead of host, which is the default):

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile set myprofile \
    crush-failure-domain=osd
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get myprofile
k=2
m=2
plugin=jerasure
technique=reed_sol_van
crush-failure-domain=osd
$ ceph osd pool create ecpool erasure myprofile

Control the parameters of the erasure code plugin:

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile set myprofile \
    k=3 m=2
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get myprofile
k=3
m=2
plugin=jerasure
technique=reed_sol_van
$ ceph osd pool create ecpool erasure myprofile

Choose an alternate erasure code plugin:

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile set myprofile \
    plugin=example technique=xor
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get myprofile
k=2
m=2
plugin=example
technique=xor
$ ceph osd pool create ecpool 12 12 erasure \
    myprofile

Display the default erasure code profile:

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile ls
default
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get default
k=2
m=2
plugin=jerasure
technique=reed_sol_van

Create a profile to set the data to be distributed on six OSDs (k+m=6) and sustain the loss of three OSDs (m=3) without losing data:

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile set myprofile k=3 m=3
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get myprofile
k=3
m=3
plugin=jerasure
technique=reed_sol_van
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile ls
default
myprofile

Remove a profile that is no longer in use (otherwise it will fail with EBUSY):

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile ls
default
myprofile
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile rm myprofile
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile ls
default

Set the rule to ssd (instead of default):

$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile set myprofile \
    crush-root=ssd
$ ceph osd erasure-code-profile get myprofile
k=2
m=2
plugin=jerasure
technique=reed_sol_van
crush-root=ssd